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Traffic Speeding Tickets | Probable Cause Traffic Stops | Traffic Accident Reconstruction | Expert Witnesses
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Police Laser / Lidar Speeding Ticket Expert
Lidar / Laser Speeding - How Police Laser / Lidar Works? (Theory):
Laser / Lidar speed measuring devices that are used to issue laser / lidar speeding tickets, utilize a method of an invisible (infrared) light beam that has various beam widths, which depends on the specific laser unit and distance.
The police officer activates the unit at a moving target (vehicle). The unit emits a series of light beams with a known frequency, in the infrared range of the spectrum, averaging the errors of distances.
to use on the trial date.This might include data records. Police Officers that issue lidar / laser speeding tickets / violations are "Experts" in the operation and not the theory of the aforementioned devices. Logically the best defense, is to retain an "Expert / Expert Witness" in this exact field. The expert should be an engineer, that is familiar with laser / lidar (gun) speed measuring device (certified speed measuring device operator / instructor), police training , vehicle characteristics, certified vehicle technician/ mechanic, as well as court rules. Usually trial by declaration (mail) rarely is successful (selected states).
Police Traffic Lidar / Laser Expert Witness
We offer lidar / laser experts / expert witnesses that can provide site investigations, forensically examine all material, as well as provide expert witness testimony concerning the police speeding ticket / probable cause traffic stops that are in question, that can level the court field of justice; nationwide.
- Speeding Tickets: radar, laser / lidar, pacing, pace, gap time, vascar, visual estimations
- Probable Cause Traffic Stops
- Traffic Control Devices
- Research and Training: Speeding / Traffic Control Devices
- Discovery Analysis
- Forensic Site Analysis
- Expert Witness Testimony
The beam strikes the target and is reflected back to the unit with a designated time / frequency. The unit calculates the time difference, which is known as d t and the difference in distance d d. The laser / lidar unit's final calculation is velocity (v = d d/d t; d: distance). The Greek symbol "d d " is defined as the difference (X2 - X1).
The officer observed the target vehicle (yours / defendant) and reads the speed display of the laser/ lidar unit - By Perry Zucker
Police Lidar / Laser - Standard Operating Procedure:
The officer performs a series of tests, which may assist the operator in determining if the Laser / Lidar unit is operating.
What are the police lidar accuracy (laser) - Speed / Distance
Laser / lidar gun speeding devices has NOT been given judicial recognition in all states. However, the accuracy should be within single digits.
Operating Distance - Laser / Lidar Gun
Some laser guns have a distance of over 50 feet.
What are the errors in police lidar / laser guns?
Discrepancies in accuracy may occur if lidar / laser gun is not operated correctly / properly / calibrated.
How to beat Lidar / Laser Traffic Speeding Ticket - Trial Preparation:
Review all the document(s) / evidence (objectionable / objections) that the officer plans
State Statutes for Speeding (Lidar / Laser)
|
State |
Statute |
State |
Statute |
State |
Statute |
|
Alabama |
32-5A-190, 32-5A-171 |
Alaska |
28.35.040, 13 AAC 002.275 |
Arizona |
28-693, 28-701, 28-701.02 |
|
Arkansas |
27-50-308, 27-51-201 |
California |
VC §22348(b), 22352 |
Colorado |
42-4-1101, 42-4-1401, 42-4-1402 |
|
Connecticut |
14-222, 14-218a, 14-219 |
Delaware |
21-4168, 21-4175 |
District of Columbia |
DC Code 50-2201.04 |
|
Florida |
316.192, 316.183, 316.187 |
Georgia |
40-6-390, 40-6-180 to 189 |
Hawaii |
291-2, 291C-101, 291C-102 |
|
Idaho |
49-1401, 49-654 |
Illinois |
625 ILCS 5/11-503, 5/11-601 |
Indiana |
9-21-5, 9-21-8-52 |
|
Iowa |
321.277, 321.285 |
Kansas |
8-1558, 8-1566 |
Kentucky |
189.290, 189.390 |
|
Louisiana |
§32:61-32:64 |
Maine |
29A §2413, 29A §2074 |
Maryland |
21-801.1, 21-901.1 |
|
Massachusetts |
Ch. 90 §17, Ch. 90 §24 |
Michigan |
257.626, 257.627-257.633 |
Minnesota |
169.14, 169.13 |
|
Mississippi |
63-3-501, 63-3-1201 |
Missouri |
304.010, 304.012 |
Montana |
61-8-301, 61-8-303 |
|
Nebraska |
60-6,213, 60-6,186 |
Nevada |
484.377, 484.361 |
New Hampshire |
265:79, 265:60 |
|
New Jersey |
39:4-96, 39:4-98 |
New Mexico |
66-8-113, 66-7-301 |
New York |
VTL 1180 d1, d2, d3, d4, 1212, 1643 |
|
North Carolina |
20-16.1, 20-141 |
North Dakota |
39-08-03, 39-09-02 |
Ohio |
4511.20, 4511-21 |
|
Oklahoma |
47-11-901, 47-11-801 |
Oregon |
811.109, 811.140 |
Pennsylvania |
75 §3362, 75 §3736 |
|
Puerto Rico |
T. 9 § 5122, T. 9 § 5128 |
Rhode Island |
31-14 |
South Carolina |
56-5-11 |
|
South Dakota |
32-24, 32-25 |
Tennessee |
55-10-205, 55-8-152 |
Texas |
§545.352, §545.401 |
|
Utah |
41-6a-601, 41-6a-528 |
Vermont |
23/1091, 23/1081, 23/1097 |
Virginia |
46.2-862, 46.2-870 |
|
Washington |
46.61.500, 46.61.400, 46.61.465 |
West Virginia |
17C-5-3, 17C-6 |
Wisconsin |
346.57, 346.62 |
|
Wyoming |
31-5-301, 31-5-229 |
|
|
|
* As of 2012 |
By definition an expert witness by virtue of scientific, technical,
Testimonials / Reviews
If you have been pulled over for PROBABLE CAUSE while traveling in your vehicle , call the best EXPERT WITNESS to help defend you. Much of his work is concentrated on speeding due to radar , laser or pacing methods utilized by police. If you want a tough , highly successful Expert Witness , then call Perry Zucker !! - CR
Your Experts: Police Traffic Lidar for Probable Cause Stops & Reasonable Suspicion / Violations
Our Expert Witness Services include the following states: Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey (NJ), New Mexico, New York / NY / New York City / NYC, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania (PA) , Rhodes Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming.